办公室单词
apply
to request something in writing
James applied for more than 20 jobs before he was successful.
attend
to go to or take part in
All employees must attend fire safety training
candidate
a person who is competing to get a job
Twenty candidates were chosen from the 160 applicants.
certificate
an official document proving that one has finished a course
Some IT companies value job experience and industry certifications over purely academic degrees.
current
of the present time
Her current manager is much more understanding than her previous manager.
dismiss
to officially make someone leave a job
She was dismissed after she was caught stealing from the company.
fill in
to give written information often by completing a form
Please fill in the form and send it back to us.
hire
to employ or pay someone to do a job
The company hired almost 200 workers when the new factory opened.
position
a post of employment, a job
His position is Sales Manager at the moment.
probationary period
a length of time in which an employee is not fully protected by labor law i.e. they can be fired or resign without reason or notice.
Most new employees have to work a probationary period before they are given a full time contract.
recruit
to actively seek new staff members
Some companies use agencies to recruit new staff.
reference
a statement from someone who knows you saying if you are suitable for a job.
His previous manager gave him a very good reference.
relevant
connected with what is happening or being discussed
He has a very impressive CV but I don't think his knowledge is relevant to this position.
resume
a document showing your education and work history, also known as a CV (or curriculum vitae)
Having a professionally prepared resume or CV will make a good impression on potential employers.
submit
to give or send to someone for a decision
I submitted my application form two weeks ago and haven't heard anything back from them.
admin (administration)
the activities involved in managing or organizing a biness
Mr Sachs's personal assistant does all his admin work for him.
cubicle
a small office space with temporary walls around it
The junior members of staff have cubicles and the senior members have offices.
department
a part of an organization or company which deals with a particular area
The sales department are one of the most important departments in the company.
dress code
a set of rules describing what employees can and cannot wear
The company dress code states that you should wear a blue or white shirt.
file
to store information in a careful or particular way
It took a long time to find the information as someone filed it in the wrong place.
filing cabinet
a large piece of furniture ed for holding paper documents
All of the records for last year are in the filing cabinet on your left.
fill in for
to substitute or replace someone for a short time
Mary will fill in for you while you are on holiday.
in charge of
responsible for someone or something
Mark is in charge of ctomer service so you need to speak with him.
open-plan
not divided by walls
Open-plan offices offer both advantages and disadvantages.
orientation
an introduction meeting or training session
You will learn about the company, it's staff and your duties during orientation.
paperwork
the part of the job involved with writing letters, reports or records
There is a lot less paperwork now that most things are done on the computer.
photocopier
a machine ed for making copies of documents
I'm sorry I cannot copy that now. The photocopier is broken again.
put somebody through
to direct somebody's phone call to the correct person
The receptionist answered the call and put the caller through to the correct department.
shred
to completely destroy a paper document ing a special machine
As we deal with some very sensitive information, all documents mt be shredded.
white-collar
relating to people who work in offices
There are two separate canteens in the factory, one for white-collar workers and one for the production line staff
appreciate
to be grateful or to recognize that something is good
Thank you for your comments, we appreciate all feedback.
complaint
a statement that something is wrong or not satisfactory
I made a complaint about the sales rep and the manager apologized for him.
courteous
polite and showing respect
She was very courteous when we spoke with her.
customer service
answering the shopper's questions or concerns
I phoned the customer service helpline and spoke with a very helpful man.
deal with
to handle something or take care of something
We need to deal with this problem immediately.
defect
a problem or fault
The technician repaired the defect in the phone.
exceed expectations
to be better than someone expects or than is required
A good company meets their customers expectations, a great company exceeds expectations.
loyalty program
a rewards system which gives benefits to customers who often use the same shop
Most supermarkets offer loyalty programs to try to encourage shoppers to stay with them.
reassure
to make someone feel better about something
I had a few concerns but the salesman reassured me that I had made the right choice.
recall
to ask people to return a faulty product
The product was recalled after it turned out that it could be dangerous.
refund
to return purchased goods and one's money back
It is store policy that we will give refunds on any product you are not happy with.
resolve
to find the solution to
When a customer has a problem, it should be resolved as soon as possible.
retain
to keep or to continue to have
The company has a problem retaining staff so they need to change their approach to management.
satisfied
pleased because you have what you want or that something happened in a way that you want.
I am very satisfied with the new phone. It is much better than my old one.
treat
to behave towards someone in a particular way
She resigned from her job because her manager treated her badly.
assess
to judge or decide the amount or importance of something
We will meet again in six months to assess the performance so far.
brainstorm
suggesting a lot of ideas very quickly without thinking about the details of them
A lot of good ideas were talked about in the brainstorming.
budget
a financial plan to show how much money can be spent
The boss will not be happy if we go over budget.
deadline
a final term by which something must be finished
The deadline for the report is the 16th so I have to finish by then.
delegate
a person chosen by a group or organization to act for them
Over 600 delegates attended the conference.
initial
beginning or first one
The initial stage of developing a new product is market research.
launch
to release and start selling a new product
Apple launches a new iPhone every 18 months.
milestone
a stage which a project is divided into for monitoring
The project is divided into 3 milestones which must be achieved at a particular time.
objective
the main goal
Our objective is to improve sales. Now how will we do this?
ongoing
continuing or happening at the present moment
He has a few ongoing problems which he will not be able to resolve before his holiday.
resource
a useful or valuable possession which can be used to achieve a goal
A lot of people forget that the staff is the most valuable resource a company has.
schedule
a list of planned activities showing the times at which they should happen
According to the schedule, we should finish the first phase next week.
timeframe
a period of days, weeks etc in which an activity is planned to happen
Our timeframe is flexible so you do not need to worry if you don't finish by the end of the week.
update
to make something more modern or more useful by adding new information
She worked late updating the contract to show the changes talked about in the meeting.
volunteer
a person who does something without being forced or paid to do it
A lot of young people work as volunteers to gain experience.
adapt
to change to better suit a new situation
After the fifth failed interview, Pete adapted his expectations to be more realistic in the type of job he was applying for.
appraisal
a meeting during which a superior evaluates the performance of a subordinate
All staff appraisals will be held in January.
background
the history or experience to date
His background is in sales but I think he would be a good choice for the position of customer service manager.
career ladder
the series of professional jobs which make up your working life
Mr Sinclair's first step on the career ladder was as a junior member of the accounts team.
dead-end
without chance for development
He decided to resign when he realized that he was in a dead-end job with no chance of advancement.
demotion
the process of being moved to a lower position at work
She was really angry about her demotion to a lower position in the department.
fast track
a course leading to advancement faster than usual
The company offers a fast track program in which you will be assessed every two months to see if you are ready for advancement.
gain
to get or acquire something (especially when using effort)
She gained a lot of experience working in her previous job.
impress
to cause someone to think positively about you
The second candidate really impressed me. I think we should offer her the position.
peer
a person at the same level as you
Spending time with your peers from work outside of the office is a good way to build a better relationship with them
promotion
the process of being moved to a higher position at work
Her promotion to manager wasn't a surprise to anyone as she clearly deserved it.
prospects
future possibilities or opportunities
I don't earn very much at the moment but the financial prospects for the job are great.
rapid
quick, fast
Everyone in the department was pleased with Jason's rapid progress.
restructuring
the process of changing the organizational lay out of a company
After the merger the company announced that they would be restructuring the entire sales force.
training
the process of being taught the skills you need for a particular task / job
All new staff will be given training on how to use the machines in a safe way.
appealing
attractive or interesting
His idea wasn't appealing to the manager so it never happened.
benefit
a helpful or positive effect
Working so close to home has a lot of benefits when it comes to traveling.
break the ice
to make someone you have just met feel more relaxed
Some people say the best way to break the ice is to tell a joke.
count on
to depend on, know that someone or something will be as expected
In a team, all members must be able to count on each other.
develop
to improve or become better
Over the past year the business has developed a lot.
get to know
to start to have knowledge about
He met and got to know several interesting people during the conference.
judge
to form or have an opinion about
Most people judge others in the first five seconds of meeting them.
mingle
to move around and talk to people at a social event
She doesn't like sitting in one place during parties, she prefers to mingle and speak to as many people as she can.
networking
the process of meeting and talking to lots of people
A lot of people don't realize how important networking is in modern business.
present
to show someone or something in a particular way
He presented himself very well in the interview and ended up getting the job.
rapport
a relationship in which people like, understand and respect each other
A good salesman needs to be able to build a rapport with customers very quickly.
small talk
informal conversation about something unimportant
Topics like the weather or a local sports team are great for small talk.
socialize
to spend time talking with other people
John is very open and this makes him good at socializing.
take advantage of
to make full use of or exploit a situation for your own benefit
The staff took advantage of the manager's absence and left 20 minutes early.
utilize
to use something
A big part of project management is deciding how to best utilize your resources.
check in
to register at a hotel, airport etc.
James had to show his passport to the receptionist when he checked in.
claim
a sum of money which should be repaid
The company accountant checked the claim and then processed payment.
ETA (estimated time of arrival)
the time at which you think you will be somewhere
I am not exactly sure when I will arrive but my ETA is 16:00.
expenses
the money spent or costs incurred in order to generate value
Pete was sacked because he was caught adding personal expenses to his claim.
facilities
buildings, rooms, equipment which can be used for a purpose
The hotel's business center offers excellent facilities for business travelers.
field sales representative
a salesperson who travels to the customer to try to sell a company's product or service
The company employs 12 field sales representatives each responsible for a different area.
fleet
all of the vehicles which a company owns
All cars in the company fleet are Volkswagens because they are reliable.
freshen up
refresh yourself by washing or changing into clean clothes
I arrived early so I could freshen up before the meeting.
hold up
a delay
Sorry I'm late. There was an unexpected hold up on the way.
itinerary
a plan of activities to happen at particular times
You should plan your itinerary realistically if you don't want to be late.
per diem
a daily allowance paid by a company to employees who have to travel in connection with their work
The company per diem is $50 with an additional allowance for staying in hotels.
rush hour
the busiest time on the roads usually in the morning and late afternoon when people are traveling to and from work
Driving in the rush hour can be very stressful especially in larger cities.
set off
to start a journey
The meeting is at 9am so I need to set off at 7:30 to make sure I am there on time.
traffic jam
a line of stationary or slow moving vehicles
The car overheated while he was stuck in the traffic jam.
venue
the place where something happens
The venue for the conference has been changed to the Milton Hotel.
adjudicate
to act as a judge
The HR manager will be adjudicating the meeting and will help you to reach an agreement.
advise
to recommend or suggest
I strongly advise you to listen to what he says.
code of conduct
a set of rules which show how an employee should behave
The company's code of conduct forbids employees from swearing.
compromise
an agreement in which people reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree
John and Mark eventually came to a compromise which satisfied them both.
conflict
an active disagreement between people
It is very stressful when you have a conflict with your boss.
disciplinary action
punishment of some kind given to an employee
When she was caught stealing from her employer, the company started disciplinary action.
dispute
an argument or quarrel
They had a small dispute over the best way to achieve the goal.
existing
current or being now
Our existing clients are all very happy with our service.
parties
people or organizations involved in a particular situation
The contract was signed by both parties in front of a lawyer.
run into
to meet or experience something unexpectedly
We ran into a few problems while preparing for the launch of the product.
settle
to end or resolve a disagreement by coming to an agreement
Mark settled the disagreement by agreeing to do part of the work himself.
suspend
to force someone to leave a job for a certain amount of time as a method of punishment
Mary was suspended from work for three days.
tactful
considerate and not offensive
A good manager needs to be tactful when talking to their employees.
terminate
to bring to an end or put an end to
The contract will be terminated at the end of the year.
work out
to find a solution to
The whole department is busy working out how to meet their deadline.
automated
operated without the use of manual efforts
The production line is fully automated so does not need any human operators.
breakdown
a mechanical failure
The company replaced all of the photocopiers as they were having problems with breakdowns.
breakthrough
a sudden discovery or development
A lot of people say that the most important breakthrough of the last century was the Internet.
centralize
to move under the control of one authority or to one location
The company has centralized the human resources department so now we have to contact our head office to speak to our human resource representative.
device
a machine or piece of equipment which was made for a specific function
The most important device for the modern businessman is his smart phone.
facilitate
to help or make easier
There are many examples where technology has facilitated doing business.
forecast
to estimate or predict in advance
The sales manager forecasted sales of 3.2 million.
intranet
a private computer network within an organization
The company intranet contains a list of employees with their telephone numbers.
monitor
to observe or check the quality or content of (something) over a period of time
We need to monitor the situation carefully.
outsource
to delegate a task to an outside company
A lot of European companies outsource work to Indian firms to reduce costs.
overcome
to successfully deal with a problem
The management overcame the problem of poor employee motivation by offering staff incentives.
streamline
to make more efficient by reducing wastage (of time, resources, or in processes)
The new manager streamlined the department.
techie
a person with a wide knowledge of computers
You should ask Mark to set up your new email account. He is a real techie.
telecommuting
working from home via the Internet
Telecommuting is a good solution for people who are unable to get to the office everyday.
video conferencing
to communicate between two locations using software which allows the speakers to see and hear each other
Multi-national corporations can save a large amount of money by video conferencing instead of sending staff to attend meetings in foreign countries.
appraisal
a formal assessment meeting between management and an employee to discuss their performance at work
During Martin's appraisal he asked for an increase in his salary.
bonus
an amount of money paid to an employee on top of their salary
Traditionally, small companies paid bonuses once a year before Christmas.
commission
an amount of money paid to an employee for selling something
Salesmen receive a 5% commission on all sales.
cut
a reduction or decrease
Due to poor financial performance the company is considering pay cuts.
face
to encounter or confront
The company is facing its greatest challenge.
incentive
a reason to work harder or more effectively
He was attracted to the job partly because of the salary but also because of the excellent incentive scheme.
increment
something added or gained by a regular amount
The starting salary was 22,000 with increments of 2.5%.
minimum wage
the lowest amount of payment which a worker can receive by law
Tips are important for waiting staff as they are often on minimum wage.
motivate
to give someone a reason for doing something
The company used incentives and bonuses to motivate their staff to work harder.
overtime
time spent working which exceeds your contracted time
His wife was fed up with him working overtime every night.
pension
the money which a person receives after they retire
Mary is looking forward to her retirement but she is also worried that her pension will not be as high as she had hoped.
perk
a non-cash benefit
The company offers excellent perks to its staff including a company car and gym membership.
praise
written or spoken approval or compliments
Andre was annoyed that he didn't get a pay rise even though he received praise from his supervisor.
recognize
to acknowledge with a show of appreciation
The award recognizes Georges' hard work and dedication.
severance package
monies or other benefits which are given to an employee who has been dismissed
When the company closed all staff received generous severance packages.
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