办公室单词2
IT slang
code monkey
someone who sits and programs all day; someone who is only valued for their programming skills
The bad software architect said, "Tell the developers to stop thinking and start typing like good little code monkeys!"
early adopter
a person who likes new things and often buys them before they are proven
A geek is a typical early adopter, often trying the latest and greatest technology before their peers have even heard of it.
EOL (end of life)
the point when something is no longer useful or relevant
Do you think compiled languages have reached their EOL?
fanboy
someone obsessed or devoted to a particular item or genre
Tom is such a fanboy he still uses his old Commodore Amiga as his main computer.
flame
to write an intentionally abusive reply to a comment or forum post
Joe the sysadmin got sent to counseling because he started too many flame wars on the company intranet.
geek
an individual with a passion for computers, to the exclusion of other normal human interests
The geek did not have a girlfriend, but he did have a computer named Lisa which he programmed to sing him love songs before bedtime.
horked
completely broken in some mysterious way; corrupted
The web sites crashed because the server was completely horked.
killer app
a piece of software which redefines the industry, often causing people to rush out and buy new hardware so they can use it
Email was the first killer app of the Internet.
leading edge
at the forefront of a new technology; also referred to as "state-of-the-art"
Kyle's company is so leading edge they buy everyone new computers every six months.
pita (pain in the ass)
This is nerd slang for anything annoying
Installing and configuring a Linux wireless network card can be a real pita.
PHB (pointy haired boss)
This is a derogatory reference to a stereotypical IT manager who choose their technology platforms based on the latest TV commercial and have no knowledge at all of what their employees actually do
This is how the PHB is described on the Dilbert web site: "He wasn't born mean and unscrupulous, he worked hard at it."
spaghetti code
a derogatory term for poorly organized programming code.
The lead programmer threw his hands up in the air and screamed when he saw the 10,000 lines of spaghetti code that management asked him to debug by tomorrow.
trendsetter
someone who successfully defines a path for the rest of the industry to follow
Apple is a company of trendsetters, whom everyone else is just following like lemmings.
troll
a person who writes intentionally controversial posts on a user forum in order to start a flame war.
The forum's popularity among serious users went down when the system operator refused to banish the trolls.
whatever
something sarcastic you can say to non-technical people when they tell repeatedly give you misguided technical instructions that are impossible, impractical, dangerous, or overly time-consuming
"Whatever, dude," replied the programmer when his manager asked him to work overtime to recover his deleted files.
common cold
a normally harmless viral infection of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract
The common cold spreads through droplets in the air when someone who is sick coughs, sneezes or talks.
contract an illness
formally catch or acquire a sickness
It is possible, but not likely, to contract an illness while visiting a sick relative in the hospital.
Coronavirus
any one of a family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe pneumonia
You should avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms of Coronavirus.
Covid-19
the name given to the 2019 novel coronavirus
Current evidence on COVID-19 suggests that children are not especially at risk from severe illness.
cure
relieve symptoms of a disease or illness
There is no cure for the common cold because there are so many types and they mutate rapidly.
first manifested
first appeared
COVID-19 first manifested in Wuhan, China in December 2019.
flulike symptoms
patients presenting with sneezing, fever, runny nose, etc
Flulike symptoms include fever, runny nose, sore throat, chills, and body aches.
ill
suffering from sickness or feeling unwell
The woman got ill from eating sushi at a dubious restaurant in Arizona.
immune system
bodily resistance to infection and toxins
Organs such as the thymus, bone marrow, and lymph nodes make up the immune system.
incubation period
the period from exposure to showing symptoms of an illness
In early 2020 the median incubation period of COVID-19 was thought to be 5 days.
infected
under the influence of a disease-causing entity
The man's flesh wound got infected by the time he was home from the camping trip.
MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)
a viral respiratory illness first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012
Since September 2012, there have been more than 850 MERS deaths recorded around the world.
mortality rate
a measure of the number of deaths per unit of time
Given enough time, the mortality rate in humans is 100%.
need be concerned about
worrisome, troubling
Lung cancer is definitely something tobacco smokers need be concerned about.
play a role in
have an active part in
Weather and social conditions can both play a role in the spreading of a virus.
SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)
a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin which first occurred in 2002 in China and killed over 750 people
Chinese scientists traced the SARS virus to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Southern China.
sneeze
a sudden involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth
A sneeze is often caused by irritation of the nostrils brought about by particles of dust, pollen, or animal dander.
sore throat
pain or irritation of the pharynx which worsens when you swallow.
The first sign of a cold is often a sore throat which can last a few days.
subsequently
after something else
Many widely-accepted medical practices have subsequently been found to be useless or even dangerous.
treatment
medical actions and handling
If a hospital is completely full then non-essential treatment can be delayed for hours or even days.
CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
US agency based in Atlanta, Georgia whose main goal is to protect public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease
The CDC does not generally issue advisories or restrictions for travel within the United States.
contagion
the spread of disease from one person to another by close contact
Hospitals are optimized to prevent the spread of contagions.
dodged a bullet
avoided a danger
The traveler really dodged a bullet when he missed the train that ended up crashing.
easily overtake
to overcome or pass without difficulty
A sports car can easily overtake a truck on the highway.
genetic material
DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses)
Some scientists believe that much of the human genome is composed of genetic material from viruses.
H1N1
virus strain responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic known as "swine flu"
The H1N1 virus spread worldwide and has caused 18,500 laboratory-confirmed deaths.
had succumbed to
yielded to something they've tried to fight off such as a disease
The researchers found that after a tough struggle he had succumbed to pancreatic cancer.
host
an organism on which a parasite derives benefit such as food
A living cell is the host in which a virus multiplies.
inject
to drive or force into
The doctor injected a painkiller into the patient's veins.
microscopic
not visible with naked eye
Protozoa are microscopic, amoeba-like organisms that live in liquid.
miniscule amount of
extremely small number of something
A minuscule amount of rat excrement is found in common foods such as chocolate or peanut butter.
multiply
increase in quantity
Mammals multiply by means of sexual reproduction.
mutate
change or adapt in nature
Viruses sometimes mutate and grow resistant to vaccines.
new strain
a new breed, stock, or variety of something
A new strain of virus can be immune to treatment.
organism
an individual life form
The study found that crawfish, frogs, and other organisms had been destroyed over a large area of the estuary.
pandemic
prevalent over a whole country or the world
Life expectancy statistics from 1918 may have been skewed by an influenza pandemic.
progression
the moving of something towards a more advanced state
Disease can halt the progression of a human from childhood to adulthood.
WHO (World Health Organization)
an international agency established in 1948 by the United Nations to promote health and control communicable diseases.
The WHO is a generally neutral and trusted authority in cases of pandemics.
balance sheet
a document which summarizes the assets, liabilities and equity of a business entity at a given time
The analysis of balance sheets for the last three months showed an increase in the value of the company.
CPA (certified public accountant)
the American and Australian equivalent of a Chartered accountant
After James passed his exams, he became a certified public accountant.
CFO (chief financial officer)
the most senior financial manager, responsible for overseeing the financial activities of the entire company
The board of directors were satisfied with the CFO's explanation of the unexpected loss reported in the accounts.
credits
an entry showing the amount of money paid (or owed) to the company, entered on the right hand side
The sales ledger clerk totaled the credits and saw that the company was owed over $1 million.
debit
an entry showing an amount owed (due to be paid by the company), entered on the left hand side
Before we can pay the invoice, we need to record the invoice as a debit in the accounting system.
deferral
the state for postponing the recognition of an asset or liability until a future time
As his accountant hadn't finished the tax calculations, he applied for a deferral.
double taxation
the state where income tax is paid twice (often to two different governments) on one income
A lot of countries now have double taxation agreements, so people should only pay the tax in the country where the money was earned.
due diligence
reasonable actions taken by a person to satisfy a law or regulation
The accountant suggested not signing the final contract until all due diligence was done to check that the company would be profitable.
foreign currency
the money used in another country.
Because the company had offices in Spain, Brazil and America, they had to deal with several foreign currencies including the euro.
in excess of
more than, greater than
The most recent set of accounts reported a net profit in excess of $5 million.
LLC (limited liability company)
a business entity where the debts of the company are separate from the debts of the share-holder
As it was a Limited liability company, the creditors couldn't get at John's private assets when the company went bankrupt.
reconcile
to ensure that two figures agree with each other
A lot of accounting departments reconcile the bank account to the accounts every day.
record
a written account of a transaction
The auditors went through every record of sale over the last decade before they were satisfied.
sole-trader
a business which is owned and run by one person
Sole-traders don't have to meet such strict accounting requirements as larger corporations.
trial balance
a statement of all debits and credits in the double-entry account book, with any discrepancies shown
The company accountant spent two days trying to get the trial balance to agree.
breadcrumbs
small particles of cooked dough usually sprinkled on top of a dish or added to food as an inexpensive ingredient
The chef forgot my meal, that he had placed under the grill and when it arrived the breadcrumbs were burnt.
chalkboard
a piece of flat timber painted with matte dark paint, usually black or green, that can be written on; the writing can be rubbed out so it can be rewritten
The bar's chalkboard had so many different dishes it was difficult to choose which one to order.
complain
the process of expressing that something is not right. A person who has done this is not happy with something
We were forced to complain about the waiter who took ages to take our order, even though we were in the restaurant before the other customers.
dish
prepared and cooked ingredients made into an item on the menu, which is ready to be eaten
I order the seafood dish because my favourite food is prawns.
fireplace
an architectural structure designed to contain a method of heating found in homes and restaurants and/or hotels
After our day skiing we were very cold, so we sat by the fireplace to warm up.
grilled
cooked in a way that involves an open flame (fire)
The salmon was delicious; it had been grilled to perfection.
house speciality
a dish that is only made in that particular restaurant; usually the recipes are kept secret so that no one else can make the dish
The house speciality was a dish made from beef, but the chef would not give me the recipe. He said it was a trade secret.
ingredient
the name given to a food or liquid item that is added to a food recipe
I followed the recipe exactly, making sure that every ingredient was measured correctly.
menu
a list of food and drink which are accompanied by prices and are available for the customer to read and choose their meal from, and then order their requirements from the waiter
The menu was four pages long; it took us nearly twenty minutes to choose.
order
the list of food ordered by a customer
When the waiter comes over to take our order, will you get me the fish?
price
the cost of an item, which is usually printed in one unit of currency but can be two depending on the location e.g. pound sterling and Euro will quite often be found on menus in Europe
The price of the meal was very reasonable and we will certainly visit this restaurant again.
tip
a voluntary additional payment made for services rendered, usually given to a waiter/waitress by a customer if they were pleased with the service in a restaurant
The service was excellent; the food arrived on time and was delicious so we gave the waiter a large tip.
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